White-nose syndrome:
An emerging disease and a potential threat to mexican bats
Palabras clave:
Chiroptera, hongo, micosis, mortal, Pseudogymnoascus destructansResumen
Actualmente, en Norteamérica, algunas especies de murciélagos hibernantes se encuentran amenazados por la enfermedad Síndrome de la Nariz Blanca (SNB), causada por el hongo Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Esta enfermedad prolifera durante la estación invernal, infectando a los murciélagos durante la hibernación, lo que afecta a las poblaciones de murciélagos hibernantes en Estados Unidos de América y Canadá. Desde su detección en 2006, ha causado la muerte de más de 6 millones de murciélagos. México comparte varias especies de murciélagos hibernantes con Estados Unidos y Canadá, muchas de las cuales ya han dado positivo al hongo. Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis sodalis, Myotis lucifugus y Perimyotis subflavus, han experimentado una drástica disminución de sus poblaciones a causa del SNB. Por ejemplo, Myotis velifer, Myotis evotis, Corynorhinus sp., se infectan del hongo, pero los efectos en sus poblaciones no han ampliamente estudiados. Los esfuerzos para estimar el impacto del SNB en Estados Unidos y Canadá han mostrado tendencias alarmantes, con descensos de hasta el 90% en algunas especies. En México no se han realizado estudios equivalentes, por lo que el país es vulnerable a la posible propagación del SNB. Aquí mostramos que las estrategias proactivas de monitoreo y mitigación son cruciales para prevenir la introducción y propagación del SNB en las poblaciones de murciélagos mexicanos. Nuestro objetivo es hacer un llamado urgente para la búsqueda del SNB y entender las condiciones ambientales dentro de los hibernáculos y sobre la vulnerabilidad de las especies locales de murciélagos. Sin intervenciones eficaces, las poblaciones mexicanas de murciélagos podrían sufrir declives catastróficos. Entender nuestras poblaciones locales podría ayudar a conservar las especies que ya están siendo afectadas. Es necesario iniciar el monitoreo en México para detectar su presencia antes de que se extienda a otras áreas
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