Potencial nutricional y terapéutico de la tuna y de sus subproductos
Un panorama general de su composición química y aplicaciones
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/bys7.14-126Keywords:
Bioactive compounds, by-product valorization, functional foods, food industry, human healthAbstract
This contribution addressed the problem of underutilization of prickly pear and its by-products despite its rich chemical composition and nutritional profile, which includes glucose, fructose, proteins, minerals, vitamins, fatty acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. The central hypothesis suggested that these bioactive components can be used to develop functional foods and as a complement in treating various diseases, thus contributing to human well-being and economic growth in regions where prickly pear is culturally significant. The study’s objective was to provide an overview of the chemical composition, nutritional profile, bioactive compounds of prickly pear, and the potential applications of its by-products, promoting the use of the latter in the formulation of functional foods and as a therapeutic complement. The main findings revealed that prickly pear, a non-climacteric fruit, and its by-products are a valuable source of fiber and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antiatherogenic, antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hypocholesterolemic properties. In addition, the application of the universal strategy for recovering bioactive compounds to extract these compounds efficiently from prickly pear by-products was highlighted, which underlined its economic potential. In conclusion, the manuscript demonstrated that prickly pear and its by-products have significant potential for human health and the economy, especially in Mexico, the leading world producer, and that its sustainable valorization can be a key strategy to promote its use in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
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