Aislamiento de bacterias resistentes a antibióticos en aves de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León campus Ciudad Universitaria

Abstract

In recent years, the ecological impact of wild birds in dissemination routes of resistance genes has taken great interest. There is evidence to suggest that wild birds can carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria and that transmission can occur from human waste products. The increase in human activity has increased pollution rates and the risk of disease transmission. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine antibiotic-resistant bacteria in birds captured at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León: campus Ciudad Universitaria. Sampling was carried out during the period November 2017 - April 2018. Once the birds were captured, a cloacal swab was performed for the isolation of bacteria in selective media and their identification by MALDI-TOF. To evaluate resistance patterns, antibiograms were performed using the Kirby Bauer method. A total of 27 birds of 3 orders were captured: Passeriformes, Piciformes and Columbiformes, standing out the species of: Columba livia (Domestic Dove), Melanerpes aurifrons (Cheje Woodpecker), Catharus guttatus (Cinnamon-tailed Thrush) and Passer domesticus (Domestic Sparrow). Forty isolates were obtained, of which 75% corresponded to strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family and 27.5% to Gram-positive bacteria. The bacteria mostly found in the analyzed samples were Escherichia coli (n=17) and Enterobacter sp. (n=6) and the bacterial species with the highest resistance to antibiotics was E. coli. Only one Enterobacter sp. from P. domesticus showed resistance to 3 antibiotics. The species with the highest isolation of bacteria resistant to antibiotics was C. livia with 33% of all resistant bacteria, followed by C. guttatus with 30% and M. aurifrons with 28.57%. These results suggest that the birds tested are carriers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that may participate in the flow and exchange of resistance genes between different species.